PECULIARITIES OF DECENTRALIZATION OF PUBLIC GOVERNANCE AS PREREQUISITES FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES

Abstract

In this article, the authors summarize the features of decentralization of public administration as a prerequisite for the restoration and development of tourism in local communities in Ukraine in the face of global challenges. The authors define that tourism is a multifaceted field of activity, respectively, the industry and science is considered in several perspectives, including tourism as an object of public administration, tourism as a branch of economic activity, tourism as a socio-humane potential of society and community. In 2022, Ukraine suffered economic losses in the field of tourism due to the war. The consequences of the war in Ukraine will be felt for a long time to come. It is already know that in the first 4 months of 2022 the representatives of the tourism industry of Ukraine paid 18% less taxes than in the same period of 2021, the total number of taxpayers engaged in tourism activities in the first months of the war decreased by an average of 10%. It is recorded that the number of legal entities in the tourism industry decreased by 17%, and individuals – by 7%. It is proved that the threats posed by global challenges to Ukraine and public administration of Ukraine, including and management of the tourism industry, must be addressed today, despite the war and the constant threat of loss of life, destruction of infrastructure, economic damage and more. For the restoration and development of tourism in the postwar period, a key aspect of public management should be the use of multilevel governance mechanisms that provide organizational and functional coherence of government at the state, regions, local communities and rely on the use of tools, principles, technologies implement recovery and development programs. The authors determined that the decentralization of public administration is a multifunctional mechanism of multilevel governance, which since 2015 has demonstrated efficiency and effectiveness in building the capacity of local communities, so it became a prerequisite for the restoration and development of tourism in the postwar period. The authors summarized the following features: – institutional support as an organizational, functional and legal basis for the exercise of power in territorial communities: – socio-humanistic content which consists in the involvement of citizens in power, interaction of citizens and authorities, expanding the range of competencies of citizens for decisions on community development, including and tourism, and awareness of the responsibility of each; – infrastructure, which is a set of economic, logistical, social and tourist infrastructure, during the existence of which a mechanism is launched that produces a "tourist product"; – resource provision of territorial communities as a set of available and potential resources.