FEATURES OF THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS SUBJECT TO THE SECURITY AUTHORITIES (PART I)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51547/ppp.dp.ua/2024.3.13Keywords:
specialist's opinion, state security, integrative model, criminal proceedings, security bodies, special knowledge, specialist.Abstract
The article highlights the issue of the formation of the concept of the application of special knowledge within the framework of an integrative model as a means of optimizing technical forensic and forensic expert support for the detection, documentation and investigation of criminal offenses under investigation by the security authorities. It is argued that the creation of the specified concept involves solving a complex of the following tasks: - classification of forms and procedural order of application of special knowledge during detection, documentation and investigation of specified criminal offenses; - systematization of the types and content of the application of special knowledge determined by the forensic characteristics and circumstances to be established in criminal proceedings of the specified category. It was determined that the content of technical-criminological and forensic expert support for the detection, documentation and investigation of criminal offenses in the field of national security of the state is determined by: 1) a procedural form of pre-trial investigation of relevant criminal offenses; 2) features of the initial stage of the investigation. Due to the fact that in the majority of criminal proceedings, both as a reason and basis for opening them, and as a source of obtaining indicative and evidentiary information, the materials of operative and investigative and counter-intelligence activities are used, in the pre-trial investigation of crimes committed by organized groups, criminal communities, it is necessary to take into account technical features the means, devices, equipment used to obtain them, the corresponding technical characteristics and properties of the obtained materials themselves, since their involvement in criminal proceedings requires appropriate verification and procedural registration; 3) the practical implementation of the integrative model of special knowledge in the detection, documentation and investigation of crimes in the sphere of national security of the state, which is determined by the features of the interaction of objects and the display of their signs in the corresponding traces (trace complexes), requires the use of an appropriate algorithm aimed at ensuring effective interaction of all model elements.
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