PROCEDURAL FEATURES OF A SEARCH UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51547/ppp.dp.ua/2024.2.20Keywords:
search, human rights, martial law, specifics of conduct, law and order, settlementAbstract
The article highlights that the state of war in Ukraine, which continues until now, has influenced the verification of the stability of criminal procedural legislation and its practical use. With the introduction of martial law, relevant laws were adopted that amended the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and the Criminal Code of Ukraine, significantly strengthening criminal liability for crimes committed during martial law. The procedural features of the search procedure in the conditions of martial law were studied, as well as the problems that arise during investigative (search) actions were outlined. It is emphasized that the search is one of the most difficult investigative (search) actions, during which no violation of the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen is allowed, otherwise, all the evidence collected during the SRD will be declared inadmissible in court. Attention is emphasized that human rights and freedoms in Ukraine are the highest social value, but the conditions of martial law limit these rights and freedoms, while at the same time expanding the powers of the prosecution. In connection with the challenges of modernity, it became necessary to introduce significant changes in the procedural aspects of the search. They consist, first of all, in the fact that the search time has been extended, that is, its suddenness has been legally ensured. These changes are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the search as an investigative (search) action, prompt obtaining of results and saving the lives of Ukrainians. Such short stories have a direct impact on the course of criminal proceedings, and especially pre-trial investigation, under martial law. Analyzing the changes made to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine), the authors of the study come to the conclusion that the possibility of protecting persons subjected to searches has practically been eliminated. Ensuring the participation of lawyers during curfew searches remains a problem.
References
Zakon Ukrainy Pro vnesennia zmin do Kryminalnoho protsesualnoho kodeksu Ukrainy shchodo udoskonalennia poriadku zdiisnennia kryminalnoho provadzhennia v umovakh voiennoho stanu. vid 14 kvitnia 2022 roku № 2201-IX. [Law of Ukraine on amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding improving the procedure for criminal proceedings under martial law]:. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2201-20#n45 (Accessed: March 29, 2024) [in Ukrainian].
Kryminalnyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy (2012, April 13). [Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy vid 13 kvitnia 2012 roku № 4651-VI. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4651-17#n129 (Accessed: March 29, 2024) [in Ukrainian].
Hlovyuk, I.V. (2018). Problemeni pytannia zabezpechennia nalezhnoi pravovoi protsedury obshuku [Problematic issues of ensuring proper legal search procedures]. Visnyk Pivdennoho rehionalnoho tsentru Natsionalnoi akademii pravovykh nauk Ukrainy, 14, 141–149 [in Ukrainian].
Kivalov, S. V., & Kravchenko, S. I. (Eds.). (2020). Naukovo-praktychnyi komentar Kryminalnoho protsesualnoho kodeksu Ukrainy [Scientific and practical commentary on the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine]. Odesa: Feniks [in Ukrainian].
Smirnov, O. S. (2022). Vdoskonalennia okremykh aspektiv provadzhennia obshuku [Improving certain aspects of search conduct]. Kryminalne provadzhennia v umovakh voiennoho stanu: normatyvno-pravovi, metodolohichni ta prakselohichni aspekty [Criminal proceedings under martial law: regulatory, methodological, and praxeological aspects]: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (Odesa, May 30, 2022) (pp. 33–35). Odesa: ODUVS [in Ukrainian].
Oheruk, I. S. (2022). Osoblyvosti obshuku v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Features of search under martial law]. Retrieved from https://conf.ztu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/65-1.pdf (Accessed: March 29, 2024) [in Ukrainian].
Pavlyk, L. V. (2022). Osoblyvosti provadzhennia obshuku v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Features of search under martial law]. Teoriia ta praktyka protydii zlochynnosti u suchasnykh umovakh: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (Lviv, October 21, 2022) [in Ukrainian].
Zaitsev, D.O. (2022). Problemy uchasti advokata abo predstavnyka v provadzhennia obshuku zhytla chy inshogo volodinnia osoby v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Problems of participation of a lawyer or representative in the search of housing or other property of a person under martial law]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii vnutrishnikh sprav, 27(3), 187–189 [in Ukrainian].
Litvinova, I.F., & Lobai, D.M. (2022). Osoblyvosti provadzhennia obshuku abo ohliadu zhytla chy inshogo volodinnia osoby v umovakh voiennoho stanu v Ukraini [Features of conducting a search or inspection of housing or other property of a person under martial law in Ukraine]. Yurydychnyi visnyk, 4(65), 172–178 [in Ukrainian].
Loskutov, T.O. (2022). Pravove rehuliuvannia fiksuvannia kryminalnoho provadzhennia v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Legal regulation of recording criminal proceedings under martial law]. Analitychno-porivnialne pravoznavstvo, 1, 340-345 [in Ukrainian].
